Must (A0)
Modal verb (48)
Modální sloveso
Must – procvičování:
I'm sorry, I must go now. = Omlouvám se, musím teď jít. Sloveso MUSET jsme vyjádřili anglicky pomocí MUST.
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I must to go.
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MUST – časování – jednotné číslo:
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I must
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já musím |
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you must
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ty musíš |
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he must
she must
it must
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on musí
ona musí
ono musí
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MUST – časování – množné číslo:
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we must
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my musíme |
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you must
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vy musíte |
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they must
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oni musí |
Sarah must get up early. = Sarah musí brzy vstávat. MUST má ve všech osobách stejný tvar.
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She musts get up.
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We must clean the house. = Musíme uklidit dům.
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We must cleaning.
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Must I...?
V otázce je MUST na začátku věty:
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I must do it.
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Musím to udělat. |
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Must I do it?
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Musím to udělat? |
Must Adam call his parents? = Musí Adam zavolat rodičům?
| Tvrzení: |
He must call.
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| Otázka: |
Must he call?
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Must I work today? = Musím dnes pracovat?
| Tvrzení: |
I must work.
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| Otázka: |
Must I work?
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I must not, I mustn't...
Zápor tvoříme pomocí NOT. Běžně se používá stažený tvar MUSTN'T:
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I must not do it.
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Nesmím to udělat. |
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I mustn't do it.
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Porovnejte české překlady:
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I must
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musím |
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I must not
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nesmím |
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I mustn't
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You mustn't smoke on the plane. = V letadle nesmíte kouřit.
| Plný tvar: |
You must not smoke.
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| Stažený tvar: |
You mustn't smoke.
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Max mustn't leave the room. = Max nesmí opustit pokoj.
| Musí: |
He must leave.
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| Nesmí: |
He mustn't leave.
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I don't have to, he doesn't have to...
NEMUSET překládáme jako DON'T HAVE TO nebo DOESN'T HAVE TO.
NOT HAVE TO – časování – jednotné číslo:
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I don't have to
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já nemusím |
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you don't have to
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ty nemusíš |
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he doesn't have to
she doesn't have to
it doesn't have to
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on nemusí
ona nemusí
ono nemusí
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NOT HAVE TO – časování – množné číslo:
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we don't have to
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my nemusíme |
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you don't have to
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vy nemusíte |
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they don't have to
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oni nemusí |
Porovnejte:
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I don't have to help you.
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Nemusím ti pomoct. |
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I mustn't help you.
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Nesmím ti pomoct. |
You don't have to eat it. = Nemusíš to jíst.
| Nemusíš: |
You don't have to eat it.
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| Nesmíš: |
You mustn't eat it.
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We don't have to go out tonight. = Dnes večer nemusíme jít ven.
| Nemusíme: | We don't have to... |
| Nesmíme: | We mustn't... |
Tom doesn't have to cook dinner. = Tom nemusí vařit večeři.
| Nemusí: |
He doesn't have to cook.
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| Nesmí: |
He mustn't cook.
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Cestování
A0:Cvičení: CestováníMust I take the train? = Musím jet vlakem?
| Tvrzení: | I must take... |
| Otázka: | Must I take...? |
You must show your passport at the airport. = Na letišti musíte předložit svůj pas.
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must show
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must to show |
| must showing |
Na dovolené
A0:Cvičení: Na dovolenéMatt must try surfing! = Matt musí vyzkoušet surfování!
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He musts try it!
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You mustn't take photos here. = Nesmíš zde fotit.
| Nesmíš: | You mustn't take... |
| Nemusíš: | You don't have to take... |
Nakupování
A0:Cvičení: NakupováníMust we buy sugar? – No, we don't have to. = Musíme koupit cukr? – Ne, nemusíme.
| Nemusíme: |
We don't have to.
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| Nesmíme: |
We mustn't.
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You must pay by card. = Musíte platit kartou.
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You must to pay.
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Volný čas
A0:Cvičení: Volný časI don't have to go to the gym. I work out at home. = Nemusím chodit do posilovny. Cvičím doma.
| Nemusím: |
I don't have to.
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| Nesmím: |
I mustn't.
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You must see this movie! = Tento film musíš vidět!
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You must seeing it!
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Modální sloveso (modal verb) MUST – shrnutí a tip na závěr:
- MUST má ve všech osobách stejný tvar (I must, you must, he must...).
- V otázce je MUST na začátku věty (I must... → must I...?).
- Zápor tvoříme pomocí NOT (must not/mustn't).
- MUST = muset
- MUSTN'T = nesmět
- DON'T HAVE TO = nemuset
- Doporučujeme si procvičit MUST v našich cvičeních.
