Would have (A2)

Hlavní přehled

Na Landigo se dnes zaměříme na minulý tvar slovesa WOULD (např.: I would have travelled – býval bych cestoval, he would have played – býval by hrál, she would have come – bývala by přišla).

Would have – procvičování:

Další související lekce:

Porovnejte:

We would call him, but we don't have his number.
 Zavolali bychom mu, ale nemáme jeho číslo.
We would have called him, but we didn't have his number.
 Byli bychom mu zavolali, ale neměli jsme jeho číslo.

I would have played volleyball on Sunday, but I didn't know about it. = V neděli bych si byla zahrála volejbal, ale nevěděla jsem o něm.

Mohlo se stát, ale nestalo se:
I would have played.
V neděli bych si byla zahrála volejbal, ale nevěděla jsem o něm.
I would have played volleyball on Sunday, but I didn't know about it.

WOULD HAVE používáme, pokud mluvíme o minulosti, která se mohla stát, ale nestala se:

I would have played.
 Byla bych hrála. (= nehrála jsem)
They would have travelled.
 Byli by cestovali. (= necestovali)

Porovnejte WOULD (přítomnost/budoucnost) a WOULD HAVE (minulost):

I would play next Sunday.
 Hrála bych příští neděli.
I would have played last Sunday.
 Byla bych hrála minulou neděli.
They would travel now.
 Teď by cestovali.
They would have travelled in the past.
V minulosti by byli cestovali.

Michael would have rented the motorbike. Unfortunately, the shop was closed. = Michael by si byl půjčil motorku. Bohužel byl obchod zavřený.

Mohlo se stát, ale nestalo se:
He would have rented it.
(= He didn't rent it.)
Michael by si byl půjčil motorku. Bohužel byl obchod zavřený.
Michael would have rented the motorbike. Unfortunately, the shop was closed.

My hair looks too short! I wouldn't have cut it so short. = Moje vlasy vypadají příliš krátké! Byla bych si je neostříhala tak nakrátko.

I wouldn't have cut it short.
(= I cut it short.)
Moje vlasy vypadají příliš krátké! Byla bych si je neostříhala tak nakrátko.
My hair looks too short! I wouldn't have cut it so short.

You came in second. Would you have trained more? = Umístili jste se na druhém místě. Byli byste trénovali víc?

Would you have trained more?
(= You didn't train more.)
Umístili jste se na druhém místě. Byli byste trénovali víc?
You came in second. Would you have trained more?

Frank would have bought the tickets yesterday. It's too late now, they're all sold out. = Frank by byl koupil letenky včera. Teď už je pozdě, všechny jsou vyprodané.

Minulost:
He would have bought them yesterday.
Přítomnost:
He would buy them now.
Frank by byl koupil letenky včera. Teď už je pozdě, všechny jsou vyprodané.
Frank would have bought the tickets yesterday. It's too late now, they're all sold out.

Grandma forgot about Oliver's birthday. She would have made him a cake. = Babička zapomněla na Oliverovy narozeniny. Byla by mu udělala dort.

Minulost:
She would have made a cake then.
Přítomnost:
She would make a cake now.
Babička zapomněla na Oliverovy narozeniny. Byla by mu udělala dort.
Grandma forgot about Oliver's birthday. She would have made him a cake.

WOULD HAVE používáme se třetím tvarem slovesa (played, done, won...):

We would have done it.
 Byli bychom to udělali.
They would have won.
 Byli by vyhráli.
He would have lost.
 Byl by prohrál.

Nikoliv: would have DO, would have DID

Porovnejte:

We would do it.
We would have done it.
They would win.
They would have won it.
He would lose.
He would have lost.

Dad would have gone to New York, but everybody else preferred San Francisco. = Táta by jel do New Yorku, ale všichni ostatní dávali přednost San Franciscu.

He would have went gone there.
Táta by jel do New Yorku, ale všichni ostatní dávali přednost San Franciscu.
Dad would have gone to New York, but everybody else preferred San Francisco.

The movie was terrible! We wouldn't have watched it. = Ten film byl příšerný! Byli bychom se na něj nedívali.

We wouldn't have watch watched it.
Ten film byl příšerný! Byli bychom se na něj nedívali.
The movie was terrible! We wouldn't have watched it.

WOULD HAVE se často používá v kondicionálech:

If I wasn't so busy, I would have helped you.
 Kdybych neměl tolik práce, byl bych ti pomohl.
We would have stayed on the beach if it hadn't started raining.
 Byli bychom zůstali na pláži, kdyby nezačalo pršet.
If you hadn't lied to Erin, she wouldn't have broken up with you.
 Kdybys Erin nelhal, byla by se s tebou nerozešla.

Porovnejte WOULD a WOULD HAVE v kondicionálech:

If they were hungry, they would eat something.
 Kdyby měli hlad, něco by si dali. (přítomnost)
If they had been hungry, they would have eaten something.
 Kdyby bývali měli hlad, byli by si něco dali. (minulost)

If Harry had told me he didn't eat meat, I would have ordered a vegetarian pizza. = Kdyby mi Harry řekl, že nejí maso, byl bych objednal vegetariánskou pizzu.

Mohlo se stát, ale nestalo se:
I would have ordered it.
(= I didn't order it.)
Kdyby mi Harry řekl, že nejí maso, byl bych objednal vegetariánskou pizzu.
If Harry had told me he didn't eat meat, I would have ordered a vegetarian pizza.

We would have booked a two-week holiday if we had known Tokyo was so interesting! = Byli bychom si zařídili dvoutýdenní dovolenou, kdybychom věděli, že je Tokio tak zajímavé!

We would have booked it.
(= We didn't book it.)
Byli bychom si zařídili dvoutýdenní dovolenou, kdybychom věděli, že je Tokio tak zajímavé!
We would have booked a two-week holiday if we had known Tokyo was so interesting!

Would have – shrnutí a tip na závěr: