Like doing, would like to... (B2)

Verbs with ING or TO (417)

Slovesa s ING nebo TO (4. část)

Na Landigo se dnes zaměříme na slovesa typu LIKE, WOULD LIKE, HATE, PREFER a jejich použití s ING nebo TO infinitivem (like doing/to do, would like to do...).

Slovesa s ING nebo TO – procvičování:

Další související lekce:

Slovesa s ING nebo TO (A2)
Slovesa s ING nebo TO (B1) – 1. část, 2. část
Slovesa s ING nebo TO (B2) – 3. část, 5. část

Sarah and I like sailing in the Caribbean. Would you like to sail with us sometime?

LIKE + -ING/TO:	We like sailing.
LIKE + -ING/TO:	We like to sail.
WOULD LIKE + TO:	Would you like sailing to sail?

Se Sarah se rádi plavíme po Karibiku. Chtěli byste se někdy plavit s námi?

Sarah and I like sailing in the Caribbean. Would you like to sail with us sometime?

Rozlišujeme tři typy sloves:

Slovesa s -ING/TO infinitivem (like, love, hate...):

I like doing it.

I like to do it.
Slovesa s TO infinitivem (would like, would love, would hate...):

I'd like to do it.
Slovesa s -ING (enjoy, fancy, feel like...):

I enjoy doing it.

Like doing, like to do...

Slovesa s -ING/TO infinitivem:

+ DOING/TO DO
like, love
hate, can't/couldn't bear
prefer

Moc rád si hraje.

He loves playing.

Moc rád si hraje.

He loves to play.

Neradi tě necháváme čekat.

We hate keeping you waiting.

Neradi tě necháváme čekat.

We hate to keep you waiting.

Raději večeří doma.

They prefer dining at home.

Raději večeří doma.

They prefer to dine at home.

Nesnesu, když ji vidím plakat.

I can't bear seeing her cry.

Nesnesu, když ji vidím plakat.

I can't bear to see her cry.

Pedro and Camila love to blow bubbles from the bubble blower.

They love to blow them.

They love blowing them.

Pedro a Camila rádi foukají bubliny z bublifuku.

Pedro and Camila love to blow bubbles from the bubble blower.

Po LIKING, LOVING, HATING... používáme infinitiv s TO:

Liking to read begins with liking to listen to stories.	Záliba ve čtení začíná zálibou v poslouchání příběhů.
Hating to lose is common among athletes.	To, že sportovci neradi prohrávají, je běžné.

Neříkáme obvykle: liking reading, liking listening...

Joane grew up loving to draw pictures. She's an accomplished artist now.

She grew up loving drawing to draw.

Když Joane vyrůstala, ráda kreslila obrázky. Nyní je z ní uznávaná umělkyně.

Joane grew up loving to draw pictures. She's an accomplished artist now.

I like doing = I enjoy doing
I like to do = It's my habit/right to do.

Po LIKE, HATE, PREFER a CAN'T BEAR je v britské angličtině běžný ING i TO infinitiv. V americké angličtině se používá obvykle TO infinitiv:

BrE	AmE
I like doing it.	I like to do it.
I like to do it.	I like to do it.

Rozdíl mezi LIKE DOING, HATE DOING... a LIKE TO DO, HATE TO DO... bývá minimální. Někdy se rozlišují dva významy:

LIKE DOING = zdůrazňujeme činnost jako takovou a to, že si ji (ne)užíváme
LIKE TO DO = zdůrazňujeme spíše výsledek činnosti, zvyk nebo preferenci

Porovnejte:

Do you like cooking? (= Do you enjoy it?)	John likes to cook every Sunday. (= He's used to doing it.)
I hate driving alone. (= Driving alone isn't something I enjoy.)	I hate to drive on my own. (= I prefer not to drive on my own.)
Sally doesn't like washing the dishes. (= She doesn't enjoy it.)	Sally likes to wash her hair every day. (= She thinks it's the right thing to do.)

Sam used to like rowing, but now his back gets too sore from pulling the oars.

Užívat si:

He liked rowing.

He enjoyed rowing.

Sam dříve rád vesloval, ale teď už ho z přitahování vesel příliš bolí záda.

Sam used to like rowing, but now his back gets too sore from pulling the oars.

How do you like to drink your coffee? – I usually have it with milk and two sugars.

Zvyk, preference:

How do you like to drink it?

How do you usually drink it?

Jak rád piješ kávu? – Obvykle si ji dávám s mlékem a dvěma cukry.

How do you like to drink your coffee? – I usually have it with milk and two sugars.

We can't bear seeing Amanda sad after the breakup.

Neužívat si:

We can't bear seeing her sad.

We don't enjoy seeing her sad.

Nemůžeme se dívat na to, jak je Amanda po rozchodu smutná.

We can't bear seeing Amanda sad after the breakup.

I prefer to work in the morning. It's not that I enjoy it more, it's just more practical for me.

Zvyk, preference:

I prefer to work in the morning.

Užívat si:

I prefer working in the morning.

Raději pracuji ráno. Ne že by mě to tak bavilo víc, jen je to pro mě praktičtější.

I prefer to work in the morning. It's not that I enjoy it more, it's just more practical for me.

Would like to do, would love to do...

Slovesa s TO infinitivem:

+ TO DO
would like, would love
would hate
would prefer

Neříkáme: would like doing

Rád by se díval na fotbal.

He'd like to watch football.

Moc rádi bychom odpočívali.

We'd love to relax.

Nerada bych zaspala.

I'd hate to oversleep.

Chtěli byste si raději rezervovat tento hotel?

Would you prefer to book this hotel?

I need to hurry up. I'd hate to miss my train.

I'd hate missing to miss it.

Musím si pospíšit. Nerada bych zmeškala vlak.

I need to hurry up. I'd hate to miss my train.

Would like to have done, would like to have talked...

Po WOULD LIKE/LOVE/HATE/PREFER můžeme kromě přítomného infinitivu (to do, to talk...) použít i minulý infinitiv (to have done, to have talked...):

He would like to have talked to you yesterday. (= He regrets now that he didn't or couldn't talk to you.)

He would love to have spent more time with you last year. (= He regrets now that he didn't spend more time with you last year.)

He would hate not to have been able to see you in the past. (= He's glad now that he was able to see you in the past.)

He would prefer to have moved in with you then. (= He regrets now that he didn't or couldn't move in with you then.)

Alex would love to have stayed on the beach, but he had to pick up Jerry from the airport.

He'd love to have stayed.

He regrets now he couldn't stay then.

Alex by byl rád zůstal na pláži, ale musel vyzvednout Jerryho z letiště.

Alex would love to have stayed on the beach, but he had to pick up Jerry from the airport.

The lake was far away. I'd prefer to have gone by bike.

I'd prefer to have gone by bike.

I regret now I didn't go by bike.

Jezero bylo daleko. Raději bych jel na kole.

The lake was far away. I'd prefer to have gone by bike.

It's a shame we were out of town. We'd like to have celebrated with you.

Regret about the past:

We'd like to have celebrated yesterday.

Regret about the present/future:

We'd like to celebrate now.

Škoda, že jsme byli mimo město. Rádi bychom to s vámi oslavili.

It's a shame we were out of town. We'd like to have celebrated with you.

Would like to have done, would have liked to do...

Porovnejte:

Present regret about a past event	Past regret about a past event
I didn't want to apologise at the time, but now I would like to have apologised.	I would have liked to apologise at the time, but now I'm glad I didn't.