I do like it, I did like it... (B1)
Emphatic DO (319)
Zdůraznění pomocí slovesa DO
You do look amazing in that new bikini!
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You do look amazing!
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You really look amazing!
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Pokud chceme zdůraznit děj, můžeme často použít DO/DOES/DID + infinitiv (own, work, get...):
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I didn't believe that he had a Porsche, but he does own it (= it's true that he owns it).
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He did work (= He actually worked) as a professional football player.
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Do get to know him (= You really should get to know him), he's a nice guy.
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Zdůraznění pomocí DO/DOES/DID se týká:
- Kladných oznamovacích vět v přítomném čase (He does own it.)
- Kladných oznamovacích vět v minulém prostém čase (He did work.)
- Rozkazovacích vět (Do get to know him.)
Mluvená angličtina a překlad zdůrazněných vět:
- DO/DOES/DID vyslovujeme silně (= s přízvukem).
- DO/DOES/DID překládáme podle kontextu obvykle jako – opravdu; vážně; skutečně nebo fakticky.
I do think we should go by train. It's much more comfortable.
| I do think... |
| I really think... |
| I truly think... |
You didn't buy me a coffee, did you? – We did buy it, there you go!
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We did buy it.
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Actually, we bought it.
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He does play = he really plays
Klasické nezdůrazněné věty:
| Přítomný čas | Minulý čas |
|---|---|
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He plays soccer.
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He played soccer.
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Does he play soccer?
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Did he play soccer?
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He doesn't play soccer.
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He didn't play soccer.
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Pomocí DO v kladných oznamovacích větách vyjadřujeme, že něco opravdu platí (= silné přesvědčení). Porovnejte:
| Nezdůrazněná věta | Zdůrazněná věta |
|---|---|
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He plays.
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He does play.
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He played.
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He did play.
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Nikoliv: He does PLAYS.; He did PLAYED.
Harry never takes Dexter for a walk. – That's not true, he does take him out!
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He does take him out!
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On the contrary, he actually takes him out!
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Although it may not always be obvious, they do love each other very much.
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They do love each other.
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They truly love each other.
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I do play, he does play...
Děj v přítomném prostém čase zdůrazníme přidáním DO/DOES před infinitiv:
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We do enjoy travelling together. (= We really enjoy...)
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If you do follow your heart, I don't think you can go wrong. (= If you truly follow...)
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Look at Arnold's muscles, he does work out a lot. (= He indeed works out...)
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I thought Erica was just making it up, but she does have a Ph.D.
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She does have it.
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She really has it.
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You don't eat meat, do you? – I do eat meat! I can't even imagine being a vegetarian.
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I do eat it.
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Actually, I eat it.
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I did study, he did play...
Děj v minulém prostém čase zdůrazníme přidáním DID před infinitiv:
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I did study for the exam. However, it was harder than I expected. (= I truly studied...)
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When Robert was your age, he did chase girls as much as you do now. (= He indeed chased...)
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Why didn't you reply to my email? – I did reply. Look, it's in your spam box.
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I did reply.
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In fact, I replied.
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Actually, I replied.
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We did tell them to take a taxi to the airport, but they didn't listen and missed the plane.
| We did tell them... |
| We really told them... |
I do do, he does do...
Věty s významovým slovesem DO (dělat) mají tvary DO DO/DOES DO/DID DO:
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Do do it before the end of the week.
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Rozhodně to udělejte do konce týdne. |
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It seems like my boyfriend does do well with kids.
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Zdá se, že můj přítel to s dětmi opravdu umí. |
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Ashley did do a great job, but unfortunately after the deadline.
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Ashley opravdu odvedla skvělou práci, ale bohužel až po uzávěrce. |
Do you really drink this tea every morning? – Yes, I do do that.
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I do do that.
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I really do that.
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Do be careful! Do hurry up!
Pomocí DO můžeme zdůraznit rozkazovací věty (rozkazy, žádosti apod.):
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Do be careful when you climb up the mountain.
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Při výstupu na horu si dávejte velký pozor. |
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Do hurry up, otherwise you will miss the bus.
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Pospěš si, nebo zmeškáš autobus. |
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Do help yourselves to another dessert.
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Dejte si další zákusek. |
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Do sing for us, Peter! Everybody's waiting for it.
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Zazpívej nám, Petře! Všichni na to čekají. |
Toto použití DO je v současné angličtině poměrně formální a zastaralé.
I am, I can, I must...
Zdůraznění pomocí DO/DOES/DID nelze použít se slovesy typu BE, CAN, MUST. U těchto sloves přidáme důraz jejich silným vyslovením:
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I AM looking forward to it. (= I am really...)
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He HAS been trying hard. (= He truly has been...)
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We CAN help you. (= We definitely can...)
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You MUST let me know soon.
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You SHOULD buy these jeans.
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Well done! I can see your English has improved a lot.
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It has improved.
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| It does have improved. |
Zdůraznění pomocí slovesa DO (emphatic DO) – nejdůležitější body a tip na závěr:
- Pomocí DO běžně zdůrazňujeme (I do like it. = I really like it.).
- DO se nedá použít se slovesy typu BE, CAN, MUST.
